Computer-aided Optical Plasma Postprocessing Applied on Model Spark Gaps

Authors

  • E. Peters Technische Universität Braunschweig elenia Institute for high voltage technology and power systems, Schleinitzstrasse 23, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1821-2450
  • B. Weber Technische Universität Braunschweig elenia Institute for high voltage technology and power systems, Schleinitzstrasse 23, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
  • T. H. Kopp Technische Universität Braunschweig elenia Institute for high voltage technology and power systems, Schleinitzstrasse 23, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
  • M. Kurrat Technische Universität Braunschweig elenia Institute for high voltage technology and power systems, Schleinitzstrasse 23, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6289-0975

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14311/ppt.2023.1.9

Keywords:

high speed camera, surge current, optical analyse methods, plasma detection

Abstract

Spark gaps are used as surge protective devices (SPD class 1) for low voltage grids protection against surge currents and overvoltages. For practical research of the narrow gap plasma of spark gaps, high-speed camera recordings are used in modified transparent test models. In this test setup, current densities of 1010 A/m2 are generated.

In order to optimize and automate the evaluation process of camera recordings, an image analysis tool is developed further in this contribution. After basic image improvement and segmentation, this research optimizes a detection algorithm for plasma location and distribution. As a result, the known plasma distribution gives access to significantly more information about the plasma behaviour and the spatial distribution of radiation.

References

Y. Cressault, R. Hannachi, P. Teulet, et al. Influence of metallic vapours on the properties of air thermal plasmas. Plasma Sources Science and Technology, 17, 2008. doi:10.1088/0963-0252/17/3/035016.

A. DAngola, G. Colonna, C. Gorse, and M. Capitelli. Thermodynamic and transport propertiesin equilibrium air plasmas in a wide pressure and temperature range. The European Physical Journal D, 46(1):129–150, 2008. doi:10.1140/epjd/e2007-00305-4.

A. B. Murphy. Transport coefficients of air, argon-air, nitrogen-air and oxygen-air plasmas. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, 15(2):279–307, 1995. doi:10.1007/BF01459700.

L. Zhong, X. Wang, Y. Cressault, et al. Influence of metallic vapours on thermodynamic and transport properties of two-temperature air plasma. Physics of Plasmas, 23(9):093514, 2016. doi:10.1063/1.4963245.

T. Runge, T. H. Kopp, M. Kurrat, et al. Experimental investigations on plasma pressure in a narrow gap for short time currents. In International Conference on Electric Contacts Edinburgh, Great Britain, 2016.

T. Runge, St. Franke, S. Gortschakow, and M. Kurrat. Optical investigations on plasma temperature estimation in a model spark gap for surge currents. Plasma Physics and Technology, 4(2):108–111, 2017. doi:10.14311/ppt.2017.2.108.

T. Runge, T. Krause, T. H. Kopp, et al. Measurement of plasma pressure in a narrow gap for different surge currents. In International Conference on Gas Discharges and their Applications, Nagoya, Japan, 2016.

T. Runge. Plasmaeigenschaften in Funkenstrecken unter Stoßstrombelastung. Dissertation, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2018.

T. H. Kopp, E. Peters, and M. Kurrat. Estimation of current density using high-speed-camera recordings in a model spark gap during surge currents. Plasma Physics and Technology, 6(1):60–64, 2019. doi:10.14311/ppt.2019.1.60.

R. C. Gonzalez and R. E. Woods. Digital image processing. Pearson/Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 3. ed. edition, 2007 [erschienen] 2008. ISBN 978-0131687288.

N. Otsu. A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 9(1):62–66, 1979. doi:10.1109/TSMC.1979.4310076.

B. Weber, D. Gentsch, T. Pieniak, and M. Kurrat. Software-based processing of the radiation intensity distribution of high-current vacuum arcs between transversal magnetic field contacts. In 28th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in

Vacuum (ISDEIV), pages 495–498. IEEE, 2018. ISBN 978-1-5386-4375-4. doi:10.1109/DEIV.2018.8537111.

M. Becerra, J. Pettersson, S. Franke, and S. Gortschakow. Temperature and pressure profiles of an ablation-controlled arc plasma in air. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 52(43):434003, 2019. doi:10.1088/1361-6463/ab34b6.

R. Methling, St. Franke, D. Uhrlandt, et al. Spectroscopic study of arc temperature profiles of a switching-off process in a model chamber. Plasma Physics and Technology, 2(2):163–166, 2015.

E. Z. Ibrahim. The ablation dominated polymethylmethacrylate arc. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 13(11):2045–2066, 1980. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/13/11/015.

A. D. Stokes and L. J. Cao. Ablation arcs. i. arcs in ice. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 22(11):1697–1701, 1989. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/22/11/019.

L. Müller. Modelling of an ablation controlled arc. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 26(8):1253–1259, 1993. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/26/8/015.

Downloads

Published

2023-08-08

Issue

Section

Articles