@article{Pomprapa_Misgeld_Sorgato_Stollenwerk_Walter_Leonhardt_2013, title={ROBUST CONTROL OF END-TIDAL CO₂ USING THE H∞ LOOP-SHAPING APPROACH}, volume={53}, url={https://ojs.cvut.cz/ojs/index.php/ap/article/view/2024}, DOI={10.14311/AP.2013.53.0895}, abstractNote={Mechanically ventilated patients require appropriate settings of respiratory control variables to maintain acceptable gas exchange. To control the carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) level effectively and automatically, system identification based on a human subject was performed using a linear affine model and a nonlinear Hammerstein structure. Subsequently, a robust controller was designed using the H<sub>∞</sub> loop-shaping approach, which synthesizes the optimal controller based on a specific objective by achieving stability with guaranteed performance. For demonstration purposes, the closed-loop control ventilation system was successfully tested in a human volunteer. The experimental results indicate that the blood CO<sub>2</sub> level may indeed be controlled noninvasively by measuring end-tidal CO<sub>2</sub> from expired air. Keeping the limited amount of experimental data in mind, we conclude that H<sub>∞</sub> loop-shaping may be a promising technique for control of mechanical ventilation in patients with respiratory insufficiency.}, number={6}, journal={Acta Polytechnica}, author={Pomprapa, Anake and Misgeld, Berno and Sorgato, Verónica and Stollenwerk, André and Walter, Marian and Leonhardt, Steffen}, year={2013}, month={Dec.}, pages={895–900} }