Low-carbon 3D-printable magnesium oxychloride composites with industrial by-product fillers

Abstract

This research focuses on the development and characterization of 3D printed magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC)-based composite material. As an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional binders such as Portland cement, MOC offers significant sustainability benefits, including lower embodied energy and reduced CO₂ emissions. To further enhance its environmentally friendly character, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GVS), an industrial by-product, was incorporated as a supplementary filler instead of standard silica sand filler. This approach not only promotes the recycling of industrial byproducts but also reduces the consumption of natural resources. The prepared composite sample was successfully 3D printed and demonstrated the formation of the desired MOC phase 5, confirming its suitability for additive manufacturing. The sample was analyzed to determine its chemical and phase composition as well as macro- and microstructure. These findings highlight MOC phase 5 as a promising binder system for sustainable and efficient 3D printing applications.