THE PRODUCTION OF HYBRID PROSTHETIC SOCKETS THROUGH THE INTEGRATION OF 3D PRINTING AND CONVENTIONAL LAMINATION

Abstract

Currently, due to the relatively high number of active users with amputation of the lower limbs, it is important to increase user comfort, innovate and optimize the connection between the residual limb and the prosthesis, i.e. the prosthetic socket. The purpose of this work is to combine the potential and advantages of both conventional and innovative (modern) production processes for the design and fabrication of personalized hybrid sockets to optimize production, comfort, and patient safety. The socket was designed and constructed for a highly active user (Functional Classification Level 4) to ensure comfort and safety during high-stress sports activities (skiing). Unlike traditional plastering, a 3D scanner was used to take measurement data. The 3D model of the stump was edited in a software environment instead of laborious and lengthy processing of the plaster positive. Subsequently, a matrix of the prosthetic socket was made from PETG material using FFF 3D printing, which was laminated to increase strength. 3D printed samples of PETG material were tested for tension and pressure according to the relevant standard (EN ISO 527-2: 1996). The last phase was static and dynamic testing of the hybrid socket. No deviations were recorded in the monitored parameters, both at a slow (1.0 km/h) and at a standard (2.5 km/h) walking speed. Once the socket integrity has been assessed, a greater dynamic load was initiated in the form of activities with higher dynamic levels (lateral leaning on the knee and jumps). According to the test results, there has been no change in the shape or integrity of the socket, and the subjective point of view of the volunteer rated the hybrid prosthetic socket as comfortable.