Influence of carbonation on torrent air permeability of concrete

Authors

  • Roman Jaskulski Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Department of Civil Engineering, pl. Grunwaldzki 24, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland
  • Wojciech Kubissa Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering Mechanics and Petrochemistry, Łukasiewicza 17, 09-400 Płock, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-7917
  • Dominika Zapała Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering Mechanics and Petrochemistry, Łukasiewicza 17, 09-400 Płock, Poland

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14311/AP.2023.63.0390

Keywords:

concrete, carbonation, air permeability, durability, torrent

Abstract

Air permeability testing is increasingly being used to measure the impermeability of concrete and to estimate the durability of reinforced concrete structures using this property. This paper presents the results of a preliminary study on the influence of the carbonation of concrete on its air permeability measured using the Torrent apparatus. Three batches of concrete made with CEM I cement and differing in the w/c ratio (0.45, 0.50, and 0.55) were tested. The influence of the relative humidity of concrete on the air permeability index kT was assessed using relationships available in the literature. It was shown that in carbonated concrete, these relationships need to be modified. The air permeability values obtained in tests are lower than the theoretical values calculated using the equation. The results obtained suggest that the effect of carbonation on the air permeability of concrete is significant and further research in this area is highly recommended.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

R. J. Torrent, J. Armaghani, Y. Taibi. Evaluation of port of Miami tunnel segments. Concrete International 35(5):39–46, 2013.

K. Li, D. Zhang, Q. Li, Z. Fan. Durability for concrete structures in marine environments of HZM project: Design, assessment and beyond. Cement and Concrete Research 115:545–558, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.08.006

SN 505262/1 (SIA 262/1). Concrete Structures – Supplementary specifications, Swiss Standard. 2019.

R. J. Torrent, R. D. Neves, K. Imamoto. Real cases of kT test applications on site. In Concrete Permeability and Durability Performance, pp. 411–497. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429505652-11

W. Kubissa, W. Dobaczewska. Diagnostics of air permeability of concrete in abutments of the viaduct in Płock. Roads and Bridges - Drogi I Mosty 20(2):157–171, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7409/rabdim.021.010

M. H. Nguyen, K. Nakarai, R. J. Torrent, V. Bueno. Concrete carbonation prediction based on air-permeability tests with moisture compensation. Materials and Structures 56:3, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-022-02081-w

B. G. Salvoldi, H. Beushausen, M. G. Alexander. Oxygen permeability of concrete and its relation to carbonation. Construction and Building Materials 85:30–37, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.019

R. Neves, B. S. Da Fonseca, F. Branco, et al. Assessing concrete carbonation resistance through air permeability measurements. Construction and Building Materials 82:304–309, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.075

M. E. Belgacem, R. Neves, A. Talah. Service life design for carbonation-induced corrosion based on air-permeability requirements. Construction and Building Materials 261:120507, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120507

P. A. M. Basheer, É. Nolan, E. A. Nolan. Near-surface moisture gradients and in situ permeation tests. Construction and Building Materials 15(2-3):105–114, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(00)00059-3

K. Yang, P. A. M. Basheer, B. J. Magee, Y. Bai. Investigation of moisture condition and Autoclam sensitivity on air permeability measurements for both normal concrete and high performance concrete. Construction and Building Materials 48:306–314, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.06.087

K. Yang, P. A. M. Basheer, Y. Bai, et al. Development of a new in situ test method to measure the air permeability of high performance concretes. NDT & E International 64:30–40, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2014.02.005

M. Romer. Effect of moisture and concrete composition on the torrent permeability measurement. Materials and Structures 38:541–547, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1617/14321

A. M. O. Abbas, M. Carcassés, J. P. Ollivier. Gas permeability of concrete in relation to its degree of saturation. Materials and Structures/Matériaux et Constructions 32:3–8, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02480405

V. Bueno, K. Nakarai, M. H. Nguyen, et al. Effect of surface moisture on air-permeability kT and its correction. Materials and Structures/Matériaux et Constructions 54:89, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-021-01666-1

R. J. Torrent, V. Bueno, F. Moro, A. Jornet. Suitability of impedance surface moisture meter to complement air-permeability tests. In RILEM International Conference on Sustainable Materials, Systems and Structures, pp. 1–8. Rovinj, 2019.

B. Kucharczyková, P. Misák, T. Vymazal. Determination and evaluation of the air permeability coefficient using torrent permeability tester. Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing 46:226–233, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1061830910030113

S. Bonnet, J.-P. Balayssac. Combination of the Wenner resistivimeter and Torrent permeameter methods for assessing carbonation depth and saturation level of concrete. Construction and Building Materials 188:1149–1165, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.07.151

EN 197-1. Cement - Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements, European Committee for Standardization, pp. 1–38, 2011.

EN 12390-3. Testing Hardened Concrete: Compressive Strength of Test Specimens, European Committee for Standardization. pp. 1–20, 2019.

Downloads

Published

2023-12-31

How to Cite

Jaskulski, R., Kubissa, W., & Zapała, D. (2023). Influence of carbonation on torrent air permeability of concrete. Acta Polytechnica, 63(6), 390–395. https://doi.org/10.14311/AP.2023.63.0390

Issue

Section

Articles