REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGY OF CLOCHE REPLACEMENT FOR WW2 FORTIFICATION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14311/CEJ.2020.01.0008Keywords:
Cloche, WW2, Pillbox, Remediation, ConcreteAbstract
Nowadays many parts of the Czechoslovak border fortification built in 1935 – 1938 have been sold to the private owners who want to reconstruct it. One of the biggest problems while reconstructing these objects is missing cloches. The aim of this study is to find solution of this problem. Authors wanted to offer the owners (usually clubs of military history) authentic design of the cloche for low cost, high durability and full functionality of the cloche that enables installation of original weapons.
A result of the work was a development of a technical solution of the cloche consisting of a replica of the upper part made of reinforced concrete in combination with lower part made of concrete. This unique technical solution was confirmed as an utility model CZ32920(U1). Remediation measure was approved by the team at the pillbox T-S 20 in Červený Kostelec in 2019.
Downloads
References
Kaufmann J.E., Jurga R.M.: Fortress Europe – European Fortifications of World War II. Da Capo Press, Perseus Book Group, 1999.
Grasser K., Stahlmann J.: Westwall, Maginot Linie, Atlantikwall. Leoni am Starnberger See: Drufell-Verlag, 1983.
Hughes J.M.: To the Maginot Line. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1971
Wahl, J.B.: La Ligne Maginot en Alsace. Steinbrunn-le-Haut, France: Editions Rhin, 1987.
Rowe V.: The Great Wall of France. Putman and Sons, New York, 1961.
Ráboň M.: Přehled těžkého opevnění. Military Club Brno, Brno, 1994.
Stehlík E.: Lexikon tvrzí čs. opevnění 1935-38. FORT Print, Dvůr Králové nad Labem, 1992.
Lakosil J., Svoboda T.: Československé opevnění 1938. Mladá fronta, Praha, 2017.
Pazderka J., Pavlů T., Ženíšek M.: Prvek pro celkovou rekonstrukci poškozených částí historických železobetonových pevnostních objektů, užitný vzor no. CZ 32920(U1), Praha. 2019.
Declaration of Performance – No 08, Liapor 6,5 2/10 [online], 2019, http://www.liapor.com/medien_en/lia_downloads/datei/129_dop08_liapor_65_210.pdf
EN 12390 - Testing hardened concrete, Part 3 - Compressive strength of test specimens. Standard, European Commitee for Standardization, Brussels, 2019.
EN 12390 - Testing hardened concrete, Part 8 – Depth of penetration of water under pressure. Standard, European Commitee for Standardization, Brussels, 2009.
Bobas, J.A., Gomes A.: Compressive behavior and failure modes of structural lightweight aggregate concrete – Characterization and strength prediction. Materials & Design [online]. 2013, 46, 832–841. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2012.11.004
Dilli, M.H., Atahan N., Sengul C.: A comparison of strength and elastic properties between conventional and lightweight structural concretes designed with expanded clay aggregates. Construction and Building Materials [online]. 2015, 101, 260–267. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.10.080
Nahhab, A.H., Ketab A.K.: Influence of content and maximum size of light expanded clay aggregate on the fresh, strength, and durability properties of self-compacting lightweight concrete reinforced with micro steel fibers. Construction and Building Materials [online]. 2020, 233, 117922. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117922
M. Al-Kheetan, M. Rahman, D. A. Chamberlain. Development of hydrophobic concrete by adding dual-crystalline admixture at mixing stage. Structural Concrete 19:1504–1511, 2018. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201700254.
M. Al-Kheetan, M. Rahman, D. A. Chamberlain. A novel approach of introducing crystalline protection material and curing agent in fresh concrete for enhancing hydrophobicity. Construction and Building Materials 160:644–652, 2018. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.11.108.
M. Al-Kheetan, M. Rahman, D. A. Chamberlain. Influence of early water exposure on modified cementitious coating. Construction and Building Materials 141:64–71, 2017. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.02.159.
J. Pazderka, E. Hájková, M. Jiranek. Underground air duct to control rising moisture in historic buildings: Improved design and its drying efficiency. Acta Polytechnica 57:331, 2017. doi:https://doi.org/10.14311/AP.2017.57.0331.
P. Reiterman, V. Bäumelt. Long-term sorption properties of mortars modified by crystallizing admixture. Advanced Materials Research 1054:71–74, 2014. doi:https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1054.71
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).