TEMPERATURE HETEROGENEITY OF TRAVELLING FIRE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON COMPOSITE STEEL-CONCRETE FLOOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14311/CEJ.2015.01.0006Keywords:
structural fire design; travelling fire; fire test; non-uniform temperature conditions; CFD; structural response; composite steel-concrete floorAbstract
In order to follow modern trends in contemporary building architecture, which is moving off
the limits of current fire design models, assumption of homogeneous temperature conditions used
for structural fire analysis needs to be revised. In this paper fire dynamics of travelling fire is
investigated experimentally by conducting fire test in two-storey experimental building. To evaluate
the impact of travelling fire on the mechanical behaviour of a structure, the spatial and temporal
evolution of the gas temperature calculated in NIST code FDS, which was validated to
experimental measurements, is applied to the composite floor of dimensions 9.0 m by 9.0 m.
Mechanical behaviour of the composite slab highly affected by regions of high temperatures and
areas with only elevated temperatures is solved in code Vulcan. To highlight the severity of
spreading fire causing non-uniform temperature conditions, which after-effects differ from
traditional methods, a comparison of both methods is introduced. The calculation of mechanical
behaviour of the composite floor is repeated in a series of three different thermal loading cases.
Results of all cases are then compared in terms of vertical displacement and axial force in several
positions of the composite floor.
Downloads
References
Horová et al, 2013: Horová, K., Wald, F., Jána, T., Temperature heterogeneity during travelling fire on
experimental building, In: Advances in Engineering Software. 2013, vol. 62-63, no. 62-63, p. 119-
ISSN 0965-9978, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2013.05.001
Wald et al, 2011: Wald, F., Jána, T., Horová, K., Design of joints to composite columns for improved
fire robustness to demonstration fire tests, Česká technika – nakladatelství ČVUT, 2011.
Stern-Gottfried, 2010: Stern-Gottfried J., Rein G., Bisby L.A., Torero J.L., Experimental
Jonsdottir, A., Rein, G. 2009. Out of Range. Fire Risk Management. 2009. review of the
homogeneous temperature assumption in post-flashover compartment fires,Fire Safety Journal
Clifton C.: Fire Models for Large Firecells, Hera Report R4-83, Heavy Engineering Research
Association, Auckland, 2006.
Stern-Gottfried and Rein, 2012b: Stern-Gottfried, J. and Rein, G., Travelling fires for structural
desing- Part II: Design methodology. Fire Safety Journal. 2012, 54.
Stern-Gottfried and Rein, 2012a: Stern-Gottfried, J. and Rein, G., Travellling fires for structural
design- Part I: Literature review. Fire Safety Journal. 2012a, 54.
Jána et al, 2011: Jána, T., Wald, F., Jirků, J., Zíma, P., Fire test on experimental bulding, in Czech
Požární zkoušky na dvoupodlažní experimentální budově, Konstrukce, roč. 2011, č. 6, s. 57-59.
McGrattan et al, 2010: McGrattan K., Hostikka S., Floyd J., Fire Dynamics Simulator (Version 5)
Users Guide, NIST Special Publication 1019-5, Baltimore, 2010., 45, 249.
Eurocode 1. Actions on structures, Part 1.2: General actions – Action on structures exposed to fire.
Europena Committee for Standardization, 2002.
Eurocode 2. Design of concrete structures, Part 1.2: Structural fire design. Europena Committee for
Standardization, 2004.
Eurocode 3. Design of steel structures, Part 1.2: Structural fire design. Europena Committee for
Standardization, 2004.
Wald et al, 2014: Wald, F., Burgess, I., Kwasniewski, L., Horová, K., Caldová, E., Benchmark
Studies, Verification of numerical models in fire engineering, CTU Publishing House, 2014.
Vulcan – A software for Structural Fire Engineering, Vulcan Solutions Ltd – A company of Sheffield
University Enterprises Limited, Sheffield, UK. Available from http://www.vulcansolutions.
com/index.html.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
