Effects of coupled diffusion and buoyancy forces on three-dimensional MHD convective Williamson-Casson nanofluid flow: a numerical study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14311/AP.2025.65.0478Keywords:
MHD, three-dimensional, Williamson fluid, Casson fluid, nanofluid, exponentially stretching sheet, microorganisms, coupled diffusion, buoyancy forces, magnetic fieldAbstract
The study analyses how thermal diffusion, Dufour effect, thermophoretic forces, Brownian motion, buoyancy-driven convection, and magnetic fields collectively impact microbial behaviour in a convective MHD flow of a Williamson-Casson nanofluid past an exponentially stretched surface. Utilising Boussinesq’s approach, we examine the density fluctuations induced by temperature and concentration variations. Upon implementing convective surface boundary conditions for the sheet, the governing partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations and then resolved computationally using the MATLAB “bvp4c” method. This procedure is continued until the equations are resolved. The graphical representation illustrates the impact of essential flow parameters on temperature, concentration, main and secondary velocities, and microorganism profiles. To better understand the behaviour of these parameters, numerical calculations of the local Sherwood number, motile density, skin-friction coefficient, and Nusselt number are conducted. Tabular analysis is used to evaluate the impact of various parameters on fluid flow, including skin friction, the Nusselt number, motile density, and the Sherwood number. The data provided herein closely resemble those previously published by other authors. Ultimately, nanofluids have the potential for significant technical applications in the future. This is due to certain physical characteristics examined in this study. These attributes possess the capacity to enhance thermophysical characteristics and heat mass transport.
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